To support medical imaging research, VinBigdata has built the VinDr-CXR dataset, a vast collection of high-quality chest x-ray (CXR) images. The dataset includes 18,000 postero-anterior (PA) view CXR scans from Hospital 108 and the Hanoi Medical University Hospital, annotated by a team of 17 experienced radiologists. The scans are labeled for 22 critical findings (local labels) and 6 diagnoses (global labels), with each finding localized using a bounding box. This dataset is an invaluable resource for researchers seeking to explore deep learning applications in thoracic disease detection and classification.