Vingroup Big Data Institute (VinBigdata) has created and made freely available the VinDr-SpineXR: A large-scale X-ray dataset for spinal lesions detection and classification. The VinDr-SpineXR contains 10,469 images from 5,000 studies that are manually annotated with 13 types of abnormalities, each scan was annotated by an expert radiologist. To the best of our knowledge, the VinDr-SpineXR is currently the largest dataset to date that provides radiologist’s bounding-box annotations for developing supervised-learning object detection algorithms.